Topological manifold A topological manifold is a second countable Hausdorff space that is locally homeomorphic to Euclidean space. $X$ is second countable Hausdorff space $ \forall x\in X,\; \...

Topological space Topological space is, roughly speaking, a geometrical space in which closeness is defined but cannot necessarily be measured by a numeric distance. More specifically, a topologic...

Mass Mass is an intrinsic property of a body. Mass can be experimentally defined as a measure of the body’s inertia, eaning the resistance to acceleration when a net force is applied. The object’...

Space Space is one of the few fundamental quantities in physics, meaning that it cannot be defined via other quantities because nothing more fundamental is known at the present. Thus, similar to o...

Physical property A physical property is any property that is measurable, whose value describes a state of a physical system. The changes in the physical properties of a system can be used to desc...

Basis A set $B$ of vectors in a vector space $V$ is called a basis if every element of $V$ may be written in a unique way as a finite linear combination of elements of $B$. The coefficients of thi...

Linear subspace If $V$ is a $K$-vector space $W$ is a subset of $V$, then $W$ is a linear subspace of $V$ if $W$ is a vector space over $K$ under the operations of $V$. Equivalently, a nonempty s...

Linear combination Given a set S of elements of a $F$-vector space $V$, a linear combination of elements of S is an element of V of the following form. $ i\in\set{1,\dotsc,n} $ $ a_i\in F,\; ...

Introduction In mathematics and physics, a vector space is a set whose elements, often called vectors, may be added together and multiplied by numbers called scalars. Scalars are often real number...

Introduction DFS and BFS are both algorithms used for searching graphs, i.e. graph traversal. There are other algorithms such as backtracking, but these two are the most useful ones. Before going ...